Yandex Cloud is a complete platform that provides services such as virtual machines, cloud storage, API gateways, and private networks, to name a
few. In Yandex Cloud, users are authenticated using secret keys and tokens. If one of these secret is compromised, attackers will be able to perform
any action on behalf of the account or user associated with this secret.
Secret leaks often occur when a sensitive piece of authentication data is stored with the source code of an application. Considering the source
code is intended to be deployed across multiple assets, including source code repositories or application hosting servers, the secrets might get
exposed to an unintended audience.
Why is this an issue?
In most cases, trust boundaries are violated when a secret is exposed in a source code repository or an uncontrolled deployment environment.
Unintended people who don’t need to know the secret might get access to it. They might then be able to use it to gain unwanted access to associated
services or resources.
The trust issue can be more or less severe depending on the people’s role and entitlement.
If an attacker gains access to a Yandex token or key, they might be able to compromise your Yandex Cloud environment. This includes control over
any applications or services that are running, as well as data that are managed by the account.
What is the potential impact?
If an attacker manages to gain access to the Yandex Cloud environment, there exist several ways that they could seriously harm your organization.
Any data that is stored in the environment could be leaked, and the environment itself could even be tampered with.
Compromise of sensitive data
If the affected service is used to store or process personally identifiable information or other sensitive data, attackers knowing an
authentication secret could be able to access it. Depending on the type of data that is compromised, it could lead to privacy violations, identity
theft, financial loss, or other negative outcomes.
In most cases, a company suffering a sensitive data compromise will face a reputational loss when the security issue is publicly disclosed.
Infrastructure takeover
By obtaining a leaked secret, an attacker can gain control over your organization’s Yandex Cloud infrastructure. They can modify DNS settings,
redirect traffic, or launch malicious instances that can be used for various nefarious activities, including launching DDoS attacks, hosting phishing
websites, or distributing malware. Malicious instances may also be used for resource-intensive tasks such as cryptocurrency mining.
This can result in legal liability, but also increased costs, degraded performance, and potential service disruptions.
Furthermore, corporate Yandex Cloud infrastructures are often connected to other services and to the internal networks of the organization. Because
of this, cloud infrastructure is often used by attackers as a gateway to other assets. Attackers can leverage this gateway to gain access to more
services, to compromise more business-critical data and to cause more damage to the overall infrastructure.
How to fix it
Revoke the secret
Revoke any leaked secrets and remove them from the application source code.
Before revoking the secret, ensure that no other applications or processes are using it. Other usages of the secret will also be impacted when the
secret is revoked.
Use a secret vault
A secret vault should be used to generate and store the new secret. This will ensure the secret’s security and prevent any further unexpected
disclosure.
Depending on the development platform and the leaked secret type, multiple solutions are currently available.
Code examples
Noncompliant code example
import { Session, cloudApi, serviceClients } from '@yandex-cloud/nodejs-sdk';
const { resourcemanager: { cloud_service: { ListCloudsRequest } } } = cloudApi;
const session = new Session({ iamToken: 't1.7euelSbPyceKx87JqpuRl1qZiY-Ryi3rnpWaksrKaZqUppnLncmDnpeajZvl8_dZNAFl-e8ENXMH_t3z9xljfmT57wQ1cwf-.-LErty1vRh4S__VEp-aDnM5huB5MEfm_Iu1u2IzNgyrn0emiWDYA6rSQXDvzjE0O3HBbUlqoDeCmXYYInzZ6Cg' }); // Noncompliant
const cloudService = session.client(serviceClients.CloudServiceClient);
const response = await cloudService.list(ListCloudsRequest.fromPartial({
pageSize: 100,
}));
Compliant solution
import { Session, cloudApi, serviceClients } from '@yandex-cloud/nodejs-sdk';
const { resourcemanager: { cloud_service: { ListCloudsRequest } } } = cloudApi;
const session = new Session({ iamToken: process.env.YANDEX_TOKEN });
const cloudService = session.client(serviceClients.CloudServiceClient);
const response = await cloudService.list(ListCloudsRequest.fromPartial({
pageSize: 100,
}));
Resources
Documentation
Yandex OAuth token
Yandex IAM token
Yandex API key
Standards
