If the Service Provider does not manage to properly validate the incoming SAML response message signatures, attackers might be able to manipulate
the response content without the application noticing. Especially, they might be able to alter the authentication-targeted user.
What is the potential impact?
By exploiting this vulnerability, an attacker can manipulate the SAML Response to impersonate a different user. This, in turn, can have various
consequences on the application’s security.
Unauthorized Access
Exploiting this vulnerability allows an attacker with authenticated access to impersonate other users within the SAML-based SSO system. This can
lead to unauthorized access to sensitive information, resources, or functionalities the attacker should not have. By masquerading as legitimate users,
the attacker can bypass authentication mechanisms and gain unauthorized privileges, potentially compromising the entire system. By impersonating a
user with higher privileges, the attacker can gain access to additional resources. Privilege escalation can lead to further compromise of other
systems and unauthorized access to critical infrastructure.
Data Breaches
With the ability to impersonate other users, an attacker can gain access to sensitive data stored within the SAML-based SSO system. This includes
personally identifiable information (PII), financial data, intellectual property, or any other confidential information. Data breaches can result in
reputational damage, legal consequences, financial losses, and harm to individuals whose data is exposed.
