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C++

C++ static code analysis

Unique rules to find Bugs, Vulnerabilities, Security Hotspots, and Code Smells in your C++ code

  • All rules 674
  • Vulnerability13
  • Bug139
  • Security Hotspot19
  • Code Smell503

  • Quick Fix 91
Filtered: 62 rules found
cwe
    Impact
      Clean code attribute
        1. Function-like macros should not be invoked without all of their arguments

           Bug
        2. Function exit paths should have appropriate return values

           Bug
        3. Non-empty statements should change control flow or have at least one side-effect

           Bug
        4. Bitwise operators should not be applied to signed operands

           Bug
        5. Limited dependence should be placed on operator precedence

           Code Smell
        6. Variables should be initialized before use

           Bug
        7. Hard-coded secrets are security-sensitive

           Security Hotspot
        8. "sprintf" should not be used

           Security Hotspot
        9. Changing working directories without verifying the success is security-sensitive

           Security Hotspot
        10. Setting capabilities is security-sensitive

           Security Hotspot
        11. Accessing files should not introduce TOCTOU vulnerabilities

           Vulnerability
        12. Account validity should be verified when authenticating users with PAM

           Vulnerability
        13. Using "tmpnam", "tmpnam_s" or "tmpnam_r" is security-sensitive

           Security Hotspot
        14. Using "strncpy" or "wcsncpy" is security-sensitive

           Security Hotspot
        15. Using "strncat" or "wcsncat" is security-sensitive

           Security Hotspot
        16. Using "strcat" or "wcscat" is security-sensitive

           Security Hotspot
        17. Using "strlen" or "wcslen" is security-sensitive

           Security Hotspot
        18. Changing directories improperly when using "chroot" is security-sensitive

           Security Hotspot
        19. Using "strcpy" or "wcscpy" is security-sensitive

           Security Hotspot
        20. "memset" should not be used to delete sensitive data

           Vulnerability
        21. POSIX functions should not be called with arguments that trigger buffer overflows

           Vulnerability
        22. Cipher algorithms should be robust

           Vulnerability
        23. Encryption algorithms should be used with secure mode and padding scheme

           Vulnerability
        24. Server hostnames should be verified during SSL/TLS connections

           Vulnerability
        25. "pthread_mutex_t" should not be locked when already locked, or unlocked when already unlocked

           Bug
        26. Using publicly writable directories is security-sensitive

           Security Hotspot
        27. Using clear-text protocols is security-sensitive

           Security Hotspot
        28. Blocking functions should not be called inside critical sections

           Code Smell
        29. Expanding archive files without controlling resource consumption is security-sensitive

           Security Hotspot
        30. Server certificates should be verified during SSL/TLS connections

           Vulnerability
        31. Using weak hashing algorithms is security-sensitive

           Security Hotspot
        32. Cryptographic keys should be robust

           Vulnerability
        33. Weak SSL/TLS protocols should not be used

           Vulnerability
        34. Dynamically allocated memory should be released

           Bug
        35. Freed memory should not be used

           Bug
        36. Memory locations should not be released more than once

           Bug
        37. Memory access should be explicitly bounded to prevent buffer overflows

           Bug
        38. Zero should not be a possible denominator

           Bug
        39. "sizeof" should not be called on pointers

           Bug
        40. XML parsers should not be vulnerable to XXE attacks

           Vulnerability
        41. Multiline blocks should be enclosed in curly braces

           Code Smell
        42. "nonnull" parameters and return values of "returns_nonnull" functions should not be null

           Bug
        43. Setting loose POSIX file permissions is security-sensitive

           Security Hotspot
        44. Conditionally executed code should be reachable

           Bug
        45. Exceptions should not be ignored

           Code Smell
        46. Null pointers should not be dereferenced

           Bug
        47. Using pseudorandom number generators (PRNGs) is security-sensitive

           Security Hotspot
        48. Resources should be closed

           Bug
        49. Hard-coded passwords are security-sensitive

           Security Hotspot
        50. Code annotated as deprecated should not be used

           Code Smell
        51. Unused assignments should be removed

           Code Smell
        52. All code should be reachable

           Bug
        53. "switch" statements should have "default" clauses

           Code Smell
        54. Switch cases should end with an unconditional "break" statement

           Code Smell
        55. Generic exceptions should not be caught

           Code Smell
        56. Track uses of "TODO" tags

           Code Smell
        57. Track uses of "FIXME" tags

           Code Smell
        58. Assignments should not be made from within conditions

           Code Smell
        59. Generic exceptions should never be thrown

           Code Smell
        60. Insecure functions should not be used

           Vulnerability
        61. "scanf()" and "fscanf()" format strings should specify a field width for the "%s" string placeholder

           Vulnerability
        62. The value of an object must not be read before it has been set

           Bug

        Changing directories improperly when using "chroot" is security-sensitive

        intentionality - logical
        security
        Security Hotspot
        • cwe
        • symbolic-execution

        The purpose of creating a jail, the "virtual root directory" created with chroot-type functions, is to limit access to the file system by isolating the process inside this jail. However, many chroot function implementations don’t modify the current working directory, thus the process has still access to unauthorized resources outside of the "jail".

        Ask Yourself Whether

        • The application changes the working directory before or after running chroot.
        • The application uses a path inside the jail directory as working directory.

        There is a risk if you answered no to any of those questions.

        Recommended Secure Coding Practices

        Change the current working directory to the root directory after switching to a jail directory.

        Sensitive Code Example

        The current directory is not changed with the chdir function before or after the creation of a jail with the chroot function:

        const char* root_dir = "/jail/";
        chroot(root_dir); // Sensitive: no chdir before or after chroot, and missing check of return value
        

        The chroot or chdir operations could fail and the process still have access to unauthorized resources. The return code should be checked:

        const char* root_dir = "/jail/";
        chroot(root_dir); // Sensitive: missing check of the return value
        const char* any_dir = "/any/";
        chdir(any_dir); // Sensitive: missing check of the return value
        

        Compliant Solution

        To correctly isolate the application into a jail, change the current directory with chdir before the chroot and check the return code of both functions:

        const char* root_dir = "/jail/";
        
        if (chdir(root_dir) == -1) {
          exit(-1);
        }
        
        if (chroot(root_dir) == -1) {  // compliant: the current dir is changed to the jail and the results of both functions are checked
          exit(-1);
        }
        

        See

        • OWASP - Top 10 2021 Category A5 - Security Misconfiguration
        • OWASP - Top 10 2017 Category A5 - Broken Access Control
        • CWE - CWE-243 - Creation of chroot Jail Without Changing Working Directory
        • man7.org - chdir
        • man7.org - chroot
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